in €mNote20222023
Earnings before taxes13.213.0
Appreciation/depreciation on intangible assets, property, plant and equipment(F)40.845.7
Currency measurement(H) (18)-3.65.0
Non-cash interest income/expense5.95.0
Other non-cash income/expenses1.62.7
Gross cash flow57.971.4
Changes in inventories-96.1-7.3
Changes in receivables and other assets-33.810.2
Changes in other provisions-13.9-10.5
Changes in payables and other liabilities102.6-75.5
Interest received1.51.0
Interest paid-4.4-13.0
Income tax paid-8.6-10.2
Income tax refunded0.22.1
Cash flows from operating activities5.4-31.8
Proceeds from the disposal of intangible assets, property, plant and equipment3.21.2
Payments for investment in intangible assets, property, plant and equipment-44.0-52.2
Proceeds from the disposal of investments0.1
Payments for investments-20.6-4.8
Dividends received0.51.5
Payments for loans to associates-4.3-7.3
Cash flows from investing activities-65.1-61.6
Free cash flow-59.7-93.4
Proceeds from loans75.463.3
Repayment of loans-6.0-15.2
Proceeds from financial service providers69.2
Repayments to financial service providers-46.9
Payments for lease liabilities-9.2-9.5
Changes in equity attr. to non-controlling interests0.4-0.1
Other changes in equity-1.20.4
Cash flows from financing activities59.461.2
Change in funds-0.3-32.2
Effect of changes in exchange rates3.0-3.6
Funds at beginning of period129.5132.2
Funds at end of period(G) (5)132.296.4
for further information see explanatory Note (I)